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In 1809, as a result of the Finnish War, Finland was annexed by Russia as the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland, during which Finnish art flourished and the idea of independence began to take hold. From the late 13th century, Finland gradually became an integral part of Sweden as a consequence of the Northern Crusades. The Bronze Age and Iron Age were characterised by extensive contacts with other cultures in Fennoscandia and the Baltic region. The Stone Age introduced several different ceramic styles and cultures. įinland was inhabited around 9000 BC after the Last Glacial Period. The land cover is primarily a boreal forest biome, with more than 180,000 recorded lakes. The climate varies relative to latitude, from the southern humid continental climate to the northern boreal climate. Finland is officially bilingual, with Finnish and Swedish being official. Helsinki is the country's capital and largest city, but together with the neighboring cities of Espoo, Kauniainen, and Vantaa, it forms a larger metropolitan area. Finland covers an area of 338,455 square kilometres (130,678 sq mi), with a population of 5.5 million. It shares land borders with Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, Norway to the north, and is defined by the Gulf of Bothnia to the west, and the Gulf of Finland of the Baltic Sea across Estonia to the south. eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.įinland ( Finnish: Suomi ( listen) Swedish: Finland ( listen)), officially the Republic of Finland ( Finnish: Suomen tasavalta Swedish: Republiken Finland ( listen to all)), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. The wheel can be used for self-realization, finding your purpose in life and bringing fulfillment and enlightenment into it.
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Its circle shows everything as part of a cosmic whole and represents the balance between personal and natural powers. The Medicine Wheel is considered to symbolize peaceful interaction between the living beings inhabiting the Earth.
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They also stand for the annual seasons (winter, spring, summer, and fall), the natural elements (wind, earth, fire, and water) and the aspects of life (spiritual, physical, mental and emotional). The directions are represented by distinctive colors of white, yellow, red and black. Generally used for healing and health, it symbolizes the cycles of life and embodies the cardinal directions- North, East, South, and West. There is no certainty as to the meaning and function of the Medicine Wheel and different Native American tribes are thought to have interpreted it differently. These are supposed to have been used for ritualistic, healing, teaching and astronomical purposes. A number of these structures have been sited all over southern Canada and the northern United States. Apart from a physical construction on land, the medicine wheel can also take the form of paintings or artifacts.Īs a term, ‘Medicine Wheel’ was applied for the first time to the Big Horn, a medicine wheel that was found in Wyoming and is believed to be the most southern and the biggest one in existence. There are also ‘spokes’ made from lines of stones laid as coming out from the center and going on to the outer circle. It has a circle of rocks in the center that is surrounded by an outer circle of stones. It is a stone structure that resembles a bicycle wheel.
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Medicine Wheel, also called the Sacred Hoop, is an important part of the Native American culture and spirituality.